A na-eji seramiiki eme ihe maka efere mgbọ

③ Ihe seramiiki nke anaghị egbochi mgbọ na-ejikarị

Kemgbe narị afọ nke 21, ceramics bulletproof etolitela ngwa ngwa, na e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị, gụnyere alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride, titanium boride, wdg, n'ime nke alumina ceramics (Al₂O₃), silicon carbide ceramics (SiC), boron carbide ceramics (B4C) bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.

Alumina ceramics nwere njupụta kachasị elu, mana ike siri ike dị ntakịrị, ọnụ ụzọ nhazi dị ala, ọnụahịa dị ala, dị ka ịdị ọcha na-ekewa n'ime ceramics 85/90/95/99 alumina, ike na ọnụahịa kwekọrọ na-abawanye. n'oge ya.

Ntụle nke akụrụngwa nke ceramik dị iche iche na-egbochi mgbọ

Silicon carbide seramiiki njupụta dịtụ ala, isi ike dị elu, bụ seramiiki nhazi nke dị ọnụ ahịa, yabụ na ọ bụkwa seramik na-enweghị mgbagha na-ejikarị na China.

Boron carbide ceramics nwere njupụta dị ala na ike kachasị elu n'etiti ceramics ndị a, ma n'otu oge ahụ, ihe ha chọrọ maka nkà na ụzụ nhazi dịkwa oke elu, na-achọ okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide nrụgide siri ike, ya mere ọnụahịa ahụ bụkwa nke kachasị elu n'etiti ceramics atọ a.

E jiri ya tụnyere ihe atọ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke seramiiki, alumina bulletproof ceramics nwere ọnụ ahịa kacha ala, mana arụmọrụ mgbọ dị obere karịa silicon carbide na boron carbide, yabụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ụlọ ugbu a nke ceramik bulletproof na silicon carbide na boron carbide bulletproof, ebe. seramiki alumina dị ụkọ.Agbanyeghị, enwere ike iji otu alumina kristal iji dozie ceramics transperent, nke a na-ejikarị dị ka ihe na-ahụ anya nke nwere ọrụ ọkụ, ma tinye ya na ngwa agha dị ka ihe mkpuchi mgbọ onye agha ọ bụla, Windows nchọpụta ngwa ọgụ, Windows nleba ụgbọ ala, na periscopes ụgbọ mmiri.

④ Abụọ n'ime ihe seramiiki kacha ewu ewu

Silicon carbide seramiki anaghị egbochi mgbọ

Njikọ silicon carbide covalent siri ike ma ka nwere njikọ siri ike na oke okpomọkụ.Njirimara nhazi a na-enye ceramics silicon carbide ike dị oke mma, ike siri ike, iyi nguzogide, nguzogide corrosion, elu thermal conductivity, ezigbo ujo ujo na ihe ndị ọzọ.N'otu oge ahụ, ọnụ ahịa seramiiki silicon carbide dị oke oke, dị ọnụ ala, bụ otu n'ime ihe nchebe ngwa agha kachasị mma na-ekwe nkwa.

Silicon carbide ceramics nwere ohere mmepe sara mbara n'ọhịa nke nchekwa ihe agha, yana ngwa ha na mpaghara akụrụngwa nke ọ bụla na ụgbọ ala pụrụ iche na-adịkarị iche.Mgbe a na-eji ya dị ka ihe agha nchebe, na-atụle ọnụ ahịa na oge ngwa ngwa pụrụ iche na ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ na-abụkarị obere nhazi nke seramiiki panel na composite backplane bonded in ceramic composite target plate, iji merie ọdịda nke ceramik n'ihi nrụgide tensile, na iji hụ na ntinye nke projectile na-akụrisị naanị otu ibe na-emebighị ihe agha niile.

Ihe seramik boron carbide anaghị echebe ya

Boron carbide bụ ike nke ihe ndị ama ama mgbe diamond na cubic boron nitride superhard ihe onwunwe, ike nke ruru 3000kg/mm²;Njupụta dị ala, naanị 2.52g / cm³, nke bụ 1/3 nke ígwè;Ụdị mgbanwe dị elu, 450GPa;Ebe mgbaze dị elu, ihe dịka 2447 ℃;Ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye nke thermal dị ala na conductivity thermal dị elu.Na mgbakwunye, boron carbide nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ, acid na alkali corrosion resistance, na ụlọ okpomọkụ anaghị emeghachi omume na acid na isi na ọtụtụ inorganic compound liquids, naanị na hydrofluoric acid-sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid-nitric acid agwakọta mmiri mmiri nwere nwayọọ corrosion. ;Ọtụtụ ọla ndị a wụrụ awụ adịghị eme mmiri, emela ihe.Boron carbide nwekwara ikike dị mma ịmịnye neutrons, nke na-adịghị na ihe ndị ọzọ seramiiki.B4C nwere njupụta kacha ala nke ọtụtụ seramiki ngwa agha a na-ejikarị, jikọtara ya na modul nke ịdị elu, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ezigbo nhọrọ maka ihe ndị dị na ngwa agha na oghere oghere.Isi nsogbu nke B4C bụ na ọ dị oke ọnụ (ihe dị ka ugboro 10 nke alumina) na kenkuwa, nke na-egbochi ngwa ya dị ka ngwa agha nchebe otu oge.

⑤ Usoro nkwadebe nke ceramik bulletproof.

Nkwalite seramiki mgbo

Ọ bụ ezie na ikike mgbochi nke silicon carbide na boron carbide buru ibu, nsogbu nke mgbaji siri ike na adịghị ike nke seramiki otu oge enweghị ike ileghara anya.Mmepe nke sayensị na nkà na ụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ etinyela ihe ndị a chọrọ maka ọrụ na akụ na ụba nke ceramics bulletproof: ọtụtụ ọrụ, arụmọrụ dị elu, ịdị arọ dị arọ, ọnụ ala na nchekwa.Ya mere, n'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ndị ọkachamara na ndị ọkà mmụta na-atụ anya inweta ike, dị arọ na akụ na ụba nke seramiki site na ngbanwe micro-mmepụta, gụnyere multi-component ceramic system composite, functional gradient ceramics, layered structure design, etc., na ihe agha dị otú ahụ dị ọkụ. arọ tụnyere taa agha, na mma mma mobile arụmọrụ nke ọgụ nkeji.

ceramik nwere akara arụrụ arụ na-egosi mgbanwe mgbe niile na njirimara ihe site na imewe microcosmic.Dị ka ihe atụ, titanium boride na titanium metal na aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride na metal aluminum na ndị ọzọ metal / seramiiki mejupụtara usoro, arụmọrụ nke gradient mgbanwe tinyere ọkpụrụkpụ ọnọdụ, ya bụ, nkwadebe nke elu hardness. ntughari gaa na seramiki siri ike nke mgbọ.

Ihe mejupụtara seramiki nanometer multiphase bụ nke submicron ma ọ bụ nanometer mgbasa ozi agbakwunyere na seramiki matriks.Dị ka SiC-Si3N4-Al2O3, B4C-SiC, wdg, ike, ike na ike nke ceramik nwere ụfọdụ ọganihu.A na-akọ na mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ na-amụ banyere nsị nke nano-scale ntụ ntụ iji kwadebe ceramik nke nwere oke ọka nke iri nanometers iji nweta ike ihe onwunwe na ike siri ike, na ceramics na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha ga-enweta nnukwu ọganihu na nke a.

Nchikota

Ma ọ bụ seramiiki otu-phase ma ọ bụ ceramics multi-phase, ihe kacha mma seramiiki mgbọ ma ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe na silicon carbide, boron carbide ihe abụọ a.Karịsịa maka ihe ndị na-emepụta boron carbide, na mmepe nke nkà na ụzụ sintering, ihe ndị magburu onwe ya nke boron carbide ceramics na-aghọwanye ndị a ma ama, na ngwa ha n'ọhịa nke ihe mgbochi ga-emepewanye.